X rays unveil secret lives of black holes

Supermassive black holes lead busy lives behind veils of dust that keep much of their activity under wraps. New X-ray observations challenge the notion that these cannibals, which reside at the cores of galaxies, finished growing soon after their host galaxies formed. Instead, these gravitational beasts–1 million to 1 billion times the mass of the sun–may pack on weight much more gradually, gobbling surrounding gas and stars for up to 2 billion years.

Artist’s conception of a supermassive black hole. NASA/Univ. of Hawaii Inst. of Astronomy

Visible-light counterparts of 13 X-ray emitters believed to be supermassive black holes. These galactic black holes are grouped according to their distance from Earth, with the closest depicted at lower left.